Punjab has taken a strong step toward changing the structure of farming in the state. For many years, farmers were caught in the wheat and paddy cycle, which offered low profit and high water usage. The government encouraged farmers to shift toward fruit crops that provide long-term income. Litchi was chosen because it suits the soil and climate of several northern districts. Farmers in Pathankot, Hoshiarpur, Gurdaspur, Ropar, and Nawanshahr adopted this cultivation. Today, Punjab produces around 71,490 metric tonnes of litchi. This accounts for more than 12 percent of India’s total litchi production.
Export Success Changes the Game
The turning point came when Punjab’s litchi entered the international market. In 2024, a shipment of litchi reached London for the first time. The fruit received almost 500 percent higher price than in domestic markets. This was a direct and visible change in farmers’ earnings. Encouraged by this response, Punjab expanded shipments to Qatar and Dubai in 2025. Currently, Punjab has secured export orders of around 600 quintals. The estimated value of these shipments is between ₹3 to ₹5 crore. This has given Punjab a new identity as a rising litchi export hub.
Support System Behind the Growth
Punjab’s growth in litchi was not accidental; it was supported by planned government schemes. The state provided 50 percent subsidy on packing boxes and crates, which reduced handling cost. Farmers received financial assistance to install drip irrigation systems in their orchards. For maintaining plant health, they were guided by horticulture experts regularly. The government invested in cold chain infrastructure worth ₹50 crore. Packhouses in Pathankot and Gurdaspur reduced storage and transportation losses. This support system has lowered input costs by 40 to 50 percent for many farmers.
Training for Global-Standard Quality
To improve the quality of litchi for international markets, farmers needed training. Around 5,000 farmers received GlobalGAP certification training through Krishi Vigyan Kendras. They were trained in pruning, nutrition, harvest timing, and post-harvest handling. APEDA partnered with the state to provide air freight subsidies of ₹5 to ₹10 per kg. This made exports more affordable for growers. Punjab is also working to secure a GI tag for Pathankot Litchi. A GI tag will give the fruit a unique global identity. This step will further boost its market demand.
Comparison with Other States
Other litchi-producing states are struggling to match Punjab’s export-ready model. Uttar Pradesh produces around 50,000 metric tonnes but exports less than 0.5 metric tonnes. Jharkhand grows around 65,500 metric tonnes, but weak cold storage chains limit exports. Assam’s litchi production is 8,500 metric tonnes, yet export remains negligible. Uttarakhand, despite its famous Dehradun variety, exports less than 0.05 metric tonnes. Andhra Pradesh produces only 1,000 metric tonnes and exports none. The difference lies in storage, packaging, and logistics investment. Punjab has moved ahead because these foundations were strengthened.
Direct Impact on Farmer Income
The most important outcome of this progress is seen in farmers’ earnings. Farmers who shifted to litchi cultivation are now earning ₹2 to ₹3 lakh per acre in one season. Earlier, they had to struggle to make profit from paddy and wheat. With litchi, the orchard continues to generate income year after year. Farmers are now confident about growing fruits rather than just grains. Many are planning to expand orchard area next year. Farmer groups are forming cooperatives to sell directly to exporters. Confidence in agriculture is returning slowly but strongly.
Punjab Becomes a Growing Litchi Hub
Punjab has not only increased production but also gained a stable position in international fruit markets. The state’s strategy of diversification, export promotion, and farmer training has delivered visible results. Pathankot and surrounding districts are on their way to becoming litchi clusters. With GI tagging underway, Punjab’s litchi may soon become a recognized global brand. This transformation is reshaping the rural economy of the state. The success story indicates what planned support and vision can achieve. Punjab’s farmers today stand more hopeful, confident, and economically stronger than before.
